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The Parish has a colourful
history. Local historic sites include the Deer Park (Kiltierney),
which is an ancient religious settlement. Drumskinney Stone
Circle, Moneyvriece Moate and Oghill Tower to name but a
few.
Ederney Townhall, the Glendarragh Wishing Well, St.
Joseph's Church and the churches in Montiagh and Bannagh are
also interesting landmarks that particularly characterize
the Parish.
Numerous
raths and forts in the locality of the town in Drumkeen
overlooking the town and in Ederney townland itself tell of
occupation of the area to at least the Iron Age and the
impressive necropolis [graveyard] of nearby Kiltierney tell
of a civilization about the Glendarragh Valley which is
nearly as old as human habitation in Ireland itself.
The Parish Beginnings
The parish of Culmaine encompasses the communities of
Ederney, Lack, Kesh and Boa Island. The ancient parish of
Magherculmoney (meaning ‘Plain of the Peaty Apple’) housed
one of Ireland’s earliest Christian settlements known as
Kiltierney Monastery which is also referred to as the
Deerpark. Saint Tighernagh (St Tierney) was credited with
establishing the monastic site in 550AD. The Parish of
Culmaine, comprising of the civil parishes of
Magheraculmoney and Drumkeeran, has therefore been recorded
to have been born in the 6th century of our Lord.
Ederney’s Origins
The core of the parish is centred around the village of
Ederney whose name is said to come from Gaelic word
eadarnaidh based on the eader meaning between or middle.
Other theories suggest its meaning is ‘ambush’. However, on
the first ever known map of Ireland, drawn up by Greek
geographer Ptolemy more than 2,000 years ago, there is a
tribe recorded just north of the Erne as the Erdini. Ederney
has had various spelling arrangements down through the
centuries with versions such as Eadarnaidh, Edernagh and
Ederny.
The best documented story of Ederney’s birth begins with the
project started by King James I in the early 1600’s known as
the Plantation of Ulster. Small private plantation by
wealthy landowners began in 1606, while the official
plantation began in 1609. An estimated half a million acres
were confiscated from Gaelic chiefs, most of whom had fled
Ireland in the 1607 (Flight of the Earls). King James wanted
the Plantation to be "a civilising enterprise" that would
settle Protestants in Ulster, a land that was mainly
Gaelic-speaking and of the Catholic faith. In return for
grants of lands the protestant land owners and minor gentry
from England and Scotland to settle in Ulster were enticed
to bring British workers with them to build strong houses
and to create towns and villages and associated
infrastructure.
By 1610, Charles I was in control when Estate of Edernagh
was established with the strong house and bawn being built
on the westerly end on the estate beside Lower Lough Erne
near where Crevenish Castle was later erected. Shortly,
after that village of Ederney was established to include six
wicker-constructed houses beside the bridge over the
Glendarragh River to accommodate some of the landed English
workers. Later the village of Kesh was developed.
The Chapels
Early records detail that worship, weddings, births and
burials were carried out at the Church of St Mary at Ardess
later to become under the control of the reformed faith. In
the intervening years Catholic worship was prohibited by the
civil authorities resulting in religious services being
carried out in secret at what has become known as Mass
Rocks. However, in 1750, a small stoned built chapel was
erected in the townland of Edeniticromman followed by the
first Blackbog Chapel (a small wood and thatched building)
in the townland of Aghagrefin serving the parishioners in
the last decade the 1700s. By the start of the 1800s,
Blackbog Chapel had moved to a new location at Monavreece (Moneyvriece)
a site also provided by the Johnston landlords. Other parish
chapels at Bannagh and Montiagh were established by Fr
O’Reilly around 1840. By 1957, Blackbog Chapel had closed
and the new St Joseph’s Chapel was opened at Ederney village
to serve a growing population of parishioners.
Chapel at Blackbog
Bishop cuts the first sod September
1954
Dr O'Callaghan lays the foundation
stone
of the new St Joseph's Church on the 2nd July 1955
.jpg)
Work in progress
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Eddie Keenan (Foreman) & Barney McKeown (worker)
Opening of the new Church November 1957
Dr Dan Duffy who delivered the homily at the opening of the
Church 17th November 1957
Interior of St Joseph's Church pre 1972
The Schools
In the early years of the nineteenth century, there were
numerous schools in the parish of Culmaine but many were in
poor condition and were badly conducted. The Province of
Ulster had 3,449 schools in 1821 but they were fragmented in
structure with numerous types of schools, including
‘charter’ schools, schools of the London Hibernian Society –
to which Roman Catholics did want to send their children
because they were all of a proselytising character – and
‘pay’ or ‘hedge’ schools. It was against this background of
haphazard educational provision that the Irish system of
National Education was founded in 1831 under the direction
of the Chief Secretary, E.G. Stanley. Some 2,500 national
schools were established in the province of Ulster in the
period 1832-1870, built with the aid of the Commissioners of
National Education and local trustees.
Locally, Moneyvriece National School was a one-room building
and construction started in 1849 by voluntary labour of
Culmaine parish under the direction of Fr Michael Smollen,
PP. First evidence of the school being recorded as an
educational establishment was in September, 1852. Ederney’s
first school, at the rear of Maguire’s Shop at Main Street,
was referred to in an 1826 report. There were many rural
schools charged with educating children in the parish
including Bannagh and Montiagh schools.
Children outside Moneyvriece school 1920
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Culmaine Parish Committee 2017 | | |
